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| History of Pottery |
The earliest known pottery was produced 25 to 29,000 years before Christ in what is now modern day Czech Republic (where I was born), of a figurine of a naked woman named Venus of Dolni Vestonice. The earliest known pottery vessels were made in Japan in 10,500 BC. Pottery was independently discovered in North Africa around 10,000 BC, and in South America around the seventh millennium before Christ.
Some time between 4,000 and 6,500 BC, the invention of the potter's wheel in Mesopotamia, what is now modern day Iraq and the starting point of civilisation, revolutionised the industry and helped feed the growing needs of the world's first cities.
In the early days, the pottery was heated in bonfires, or holes in the ground covered with fuel, reaching temperatures of around 900 degrees Celsius.
Since designs are used to adorn pottery, and because pottery was invented and proves very useful for storing food, liquids and other important commodities, it has become useful for archaeologists in mapping out ancient cultures with their economic and social structures. Especially since pottery tends to last much longer than other objects, such as wooden tools and textiles. The thermoluminescence test then accurately identifies the exact date of the pottery according to its last firing. Examining the iron materials in ancient pottery shards has even revealed to scientists the exact state of the earth's magnetic field at the time of firing!
On a more local level, around the time of the first industrial revolution, taking place in the United Kingdom, the city of Stoke on Trent became known as The Potteries, where in 1785 its 200 pottery manufacturers employed some twenty thousand labourers.
Some time between 4,000 and 6,500 BC, the invention of the potter's wheel in Mesopotamia, what is now modern day Iraq and the starting point of civilisation, revolutionised the industry and helped feed the growing needs of the world's first cities.
In the early days, the pottery was heated in bonfires, or holes in the ground covered with fuel, reaching temperatures of around 900 degrees Celsius.
Since designs are used to adorn pottery, and because pottery was invented and proves very useful for storing food, liquids and other important commodities, it has become useful for archaeologists in mapping out ancient cultures with their economic and social structures. Especially since pottery tends to last much longer than other objects, such as wooden tools and textiles. The thermoluminescence test then accurately identifies the exact date of the pottery according to its last firing. Examining the iron materials in ancient pottery shards has even revealed to scientists the exact state of the earth's magnetic field at the time of firing!
On a more local level, around the time of the first industrial revolution, taking place in the United Kingdom, the city of Stoke on Trent became known as The Potteries, where in 1785 its 200 pottery manufacturers employed some twenty thousand labourers.
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